Articles & Thoughts
My collection of articles on AI, Python, team leadership, and the tech world.
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Why Systems Break in Production: The Real Art of System Design
Most systems look great on paper but fail under real traffic. Here's the mental model that changed how I approach system design.
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Backend Development: Beyond APIs - Complete System Guide
Discover the complete picture of backend development beyond just writing APIs. Learn about architecture, caching, security, and building systems that handle real users.
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Microservices Explained: When Complexity Actually Pays Off
Discover the truth about microservices architecture, when to adopt it, and how to avoid unnecessary complexity in your systems.
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Agentic RAG Explained: Smarter AI Retrieval
Discover how Agentic RAG uses AI agents to enhance retrieval, make smarter decisions, and deliver more accurate, real-time responses.
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Essential AWS Services: 10 Categories Every Engineer Must Master
From compute to AI, explore the 10 key AWS service categories that power modern cloud applications and infrastructure.
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MCP vs. Agent Skills, Clearly Explained: A Strategic Guide for Developers
Confused about extending AI agent capabilities? Clearly understand Model Context Protocol (MCP) vs Agent Skills to pick the right tool for live data vs instructions.
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API Concepts Every Software Engineer Should Know
Master robust API design. Explore foundations, patterns, security, reliability, and evolution in this essential guide for software engineers.
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A Guide to Rate Limiting Strategies
Protect your APIs from overload and abuse. Learn the top rate-limiting strategies, from Token Bucket to Sliding Window, to ensure ultimate system reliability.
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Top Strategies to Reduce Latency: A Comprehensive Guide for Engineering Teams
Every millisecond counts. Discover the top 6 architectural strategies—including caching, CDNs, and load balancing—to reduce latency and build faster apps.
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The Art of REST API Design: Idempotency, Pagination, and Security
APIs are the front doors to your systems. In this guide, we break down the core principles of designing reliable and scalable REST APIs
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Behind the Scenes: What Happens When You Enter Google.com 🌐
Ever wonder what happens in the milliseconds between typing google.com and the search page loading?
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The Evolution of HTTP: From Simple Text Delivery to Real-Time Web Performance
Discover the journey of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Explore how it evolved from simple text delivery in HTTP/0.9 to the high-performance, UDP-based real-time architecture of HTTP/3 and QUIC
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What is a REST API? The 6 Key Constraints of RESTful Architecture
Just because an API uses HTTP doesn't automatically make it "RESTful." 🌐 To earn that title, your architecture needs to hit 6 specific constraints.
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Top Authentication Techniques to Build Secure Applications: A Comprehensive Guide
Authentication is your app's first line of defense. 🛡️ Are you relying on outdated login methods?
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Monolithic vs. Microservices vs. Serverless: Which Architecture Wins?
Monolith, Microservices, or Serverless? 🏗️ Choosing the right architecture can make or break your application's scalability.
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The Ultimate System Design Refresher: CPU vs GPU vs TPU
Explore the architectural differences between CPUs, GPUs, and TPUs in this system design guide.
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How to Build High-Throughput Systems: A Practical Guide for Engineers
A practical guide for engineers on how to build software systems that handle massive traffic.
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How Agentic RAG Works: Why Your AI Needs to "Think" Before It Speaks
Standard RAG pipelines have a critical flaw: they can't "think" before they speak. This article breaks down how Agentic RAG solves this by replacing one-way retrieval with an intelligent control loop.
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How Netflix Live Streams to 100 Million Devices in 60 Seconds: Inside the "Smart Origin" Architecture
Discover how Netflix’s custom-built "Smart Origin" architecture delivers flawless live streams to 100 million devices globally using redundant cloud pipelines.
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Database Performance Strategies and Their Hidden Costs: A Comprehensive Guide to Optimizations and Trade-offs
Database optimization is not about finding the perfect strategy. It’s about understanding your system’s Performance Profile and selecting the trade-off that aligns best with your needs. Do you need extreme write speed? Limit your indexing. Do you need perfect data consistency and zero stale data? Stick to a single node and accept limited read performance. Every benefit has a hidden cost, and success in database performance management is the art of deciding which cost you are willing to pay.
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